Participatory rural appraisal, the origin of pra as coined by robert chambers as an approach to development planning and as a method of investigation evolved from many different. N narayanasamy participatory rural appraisal principles. The basic concept of pra is to learn from rural people. Rural transport training materials learning objectives by the end of the session participants will be able to. Participatory rural appraisal pra is a methodology used for interactive processes of social development. Visual diagramming is an equaliser between the literate and the illiterate, between the marginalised and the selfconfident see table 2.
Participatory rural appraisal pra is a specific form of rapid rural appraisal rra, a research techniques developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by the researchers in the international development as an alternative and compliment to conventional sample survey. The origins and practice of participatory rural appraisal. Participatory rural appraisal pra, now known as participatory learning and action pla, with a repertoire of userfriendly, easytofollow methods, and with an emphasis on attitude and behaviour of the facilitators and development professionals, provides enough space and environment for people to actively participate at different stages of the development process. Introduction to the principles of participatory appraisal. The book vividly describes the methods of pra, highlighting the essential features as well as the application, merits and limitations of each method.
N narayanasamy offers a comprehensive and analytical picture of the evolution and principles of. Participatory rural appraisal sage publications inc. Participatory rural appraisal pra methods, now known as participatory learning and action pla, have been extensively used in development research, action and evaluation. It is based on the principle that local people are creative and capable and. The paper begins by considering some underlying principles and methods of pra. Principles for participatory action research robin. Participatory rural appraisal is a citizencentred method of development. Participatory rural appraisal appraisal the finding out of information about problems, needs, and potential in a village. The origins and practice of participatoryrural appraisal. An introductory chapter,with a comparative chartof the discussed. And action pla participatory learning and action pla is a type of qualitative research. Participatory rural appraisal by narayanasamy, n ebook. From we let them participate to they take command of their own process. Th e mor significant principles of participatory rura l.
The book vividly describes the methods of pra, highlighting the essential features. Pra principles produced by the participation research cluster, institute of development studies. The process empowers locals by including them directly in the issue identification and evaluation process and, in many cases, in the. Pra is one of the models of rra that is more participative. Tools and techniques compiled by jennifer rietbergenmccracken, deepa narayan. The concept and principles of participatory rural appraisal. And finally, once the principles are well understood and a design has. Pra derives some of its principles and precepts from its parent and contemporary, rapid rural appraisal rra. The rapid rural appraisal rra approach is the largest contributor, for both principle and techniques developed by the participatory rural appraisal pra. Participatory rural appraisal pra recently renamed participatory learning for action pla, is a methodological approach that is used to enable farmers to analyse their own situation and to develop. This paper outlines some principles of participatory action research in australia that have. Participatory rural appraisal pra tools were utilised and comprehensive community action plans, with gender considerations, developed. Participatory rural appraisal, the origin of pra as coined by robert chambers as an approach to development planning and as a method of investigation evolved from many different sources. Pa is an approach that can help to ensure legitimate, genuine participation by community members in development work, through the application of a number of core principles, tools and techniques.
As noted in the sections that follow, these methods are participatory and qualitative and are especially valuable in. Role of participatory rural appraisal in community. Sanitation ircl 0305750x940005q6 participatory rural. Participatory rural appraisal sage research methods. Describe the principles underpinning participatory rural appraisal pra and. Rapid rural appraisal and participatory rural appraisal. In contrast, with visual sharing of a map, model, dia gram, or units stones, seeds, small fruits, etc. Participatory methods toolkit a practitioners manual. The principles are offered as an intermediary between the philosophical roots of participatory development theory including feminism, environmentalism, and critical pedagogy and the. The search for practical approaches and methods for decentralisation, democracy. In an rra or pra, as we shall see below, the core methodological principle is triangulation. This book is based on the author s decadelong intensive field experience each method is explained by drawing on fieldbased illustrations. Participatory rural appraisal pra and pra implementation in vietnam.
It is a way of learning from people, with the people and by the people. Participatory rural appraisal approaches for public. This guidance was informed by crs staffs experience and challenges in using the crs rapid rural appraisal and participatory rural appraisal. It is a participatory method to gather collect information by involvement of rural local communities for decision making and implementation of the development. Analysis of experience robert chambers institute of development studies, brighton 1 summary. With a rapid rural appraisal the researcher acts like an explorer, making a brief survey of the horizon before plunging into the depths of the research from which the wider view is no longer possible. The more significant principles of participatory rural appraisal pra concern the behavior and attitudes of outsider facilitators, including not rushing, handing. Participatory rural appraisal pra describes a growing family of approaches and meth ods to enable local people to share, enhance and analyze their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan and to act. The information becomes personal and pri vate, unverified, and owned by the interviewer. Participatory rural appraisal pra methods, now known as participatory learning and action pla, have been extensively used in development research, action.
Practitioners resource nhs health scotland introduction to participatory appraisal principles process tools a participatory appraisal is always carried out by a team of people. The more significant principles of participatory rural. Participatory rural appraisal pra facilitates interaction within local communities and assists. Participatory rural appraisal pra and pra implementation. Manual for participatory rural appraisal pra in villages of tigray article pdf available october 2006 with 6,238 reads how we measure reads. Principles, methods and application outlines the application of pra methodology in areas like participatory poverty assessment, sustainable livelihood analysis. Background and origins participatory appraisal emerged from a set of ideas originally conceived in the 1970s by people working on rural development in developing countries. Analysis of experience robert chambers institute of development studies, brighton summary. Definition chambers 1992 pra as an approach and methods for learning about rural life and conditions from, with and by rural.
Pla was originally called participatory rural or rapid appraisal pra. Rra rapid rural appraisal and pra participatory rural appraisal. Resource map is one of the most commonly used pra methods next to social map. For serious practitioners of participatory action research, it is helpful to identify its principles. Participatory appraisal emerged from a set of ideas originally conceived in the 1970s by people working on rural development in developing. Pdf manual for participatory rural appraisal pra in. Some of the sources were modified to be utilized in a participatory mode, and the others were taken up as they were used for investigation and planning. Rapid rural appraisal, participatory rural appraisal and. Robert dissert final whoeurope world health organization.
In addition to these fiches,you will find a brief overview of almost40 other methods and techniques. Participatory appraisal pa is one possible solution. For the purposes of this document, as clear distinction has been made between rapid rural appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal pra precisely in order to accommodate this difference. Participatory rural appraisal principles methods benefits from they learn from us to we learn from them. Participatory rural appraisal pra constitutes a process of involvement with rural people, for indigenous knowledge building exercises. Generously supported by the swiss agency for development and cooperation.